Basal metabolism diagnostic apparatus



Jan; 14, 1941. J. L; BLOOMHEART 2,228,983

BASAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheetl r O E 1 IX i Ji/7/7Z. fi/M/Wiwf/ 1 AW Q;

J. L. BLOOMHEFAT BAsAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Jam 14, 1941.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 27, 1940 flan. 14, 1941. J. L. BLooMHEAmBASAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Filed Feb, 27, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet5 E v v 1.. m a i3 5 M a W 9 1H 3 d J t Z W 1 I .M 0 R w 2 H a m 1 m I,9 J I M ffi 2 m Z w 7 W 7 f M 9 Wu J //r/ W i d, m 0 m W v I! :1 W 47/ aV 2 2 f7 0 00* w W W W W 3 QT J J. a w: 1 a H o 0 3 6 6 w a w m n UTY 3//6 m H Patented Jan. 14, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BASALMETABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS .lel'in L. Bloomheart, Toledo, Ohio,assignor to Martha F. McKesson, Toledo, Ohio Application February 27,1940, Serial No. 321,080 Claims. (oi. lac-2.0m

This invention relates to respiration equipment. 5 has fitting 1 towhich electric supply lines 8 This invention has utility in gasadministraextend, and therefrom by conduit 9 to synchrotion, moreparticularly as to quantity, say of oxynous motor housing l0. 5 52111,consumed by a patient in a given time inter- Record mechanism Referringto the drawings; On this deck 6 is plate ll (Figs. 5, 8) mount- Fig. 1is a side elevation, with parts broken s Switch 12 havin n i a ns l3 foroff and away, of an embodiment of the invention as an Positions t T sSwitch 2 is thus apparatus of metabolism equipment eliminating effective110 t in Sy c r n us motor Ii! and 1 water or liquid in the pneumatictrough type of hereby drive gea l4 n mesh With m Patents No. 1,677,147,July 17, 1928, and No. s I5 operating vertical a r l 6 (F s. 1, 5,-8)1,863,929, June 21, 1932; having teeth ll to engage in openings 18 ofFig. 2 is a view from the right of Fig, 1, parts chart strip is. Thischart strip l9 may have being broken away, showing the absorber to which0011 pply 20 on ve tical barrel 2| mounted on the respiration ducts areconnected; the plate H and be fed therefrom by bight 22 Fig, 3 i a,section o the li IIL-III, Fig, 1, about guide 23 to this vertical barrelH5. From showing features of t u t to t a k; this guide 23 there areyieldable arms 24 about Fig. 4 is a tion on th 1in V 1v, Fig 3 thebarrel 16 to carry take-off channel or guide showing the perforate diskopenable by cutting 25 anchored by Screw 26 With the plate H to the 0out the duct connections; deck Fig. 5 is an enlarged view partially onthe line Between the pp y barrel and this feed bar- V-V of Fig. 2,showing the housing removed, the rel as drawing metefiel from he supplyba bellows in section, and the absorber cap likewise rel 2|, there islocated vertical s 21 (Fig. 8) in section; carrying bracket 28 mountingink-carrying pen Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the cap on the 29 asthe marking device This b c t 8, re- 25 i I-V i 5; mote from itsmounting the pen 29, has fork 30 Fig. 7 is a section on the lineVII-VII, Fig. 5, to engage u d p 31 a t y at the pen showing features ofthe drive for the chart in the 29 in position tOWerd t e ch rt. Thisbracket record mechanism and some of the connections adjacent t fork S pv ed W th screw 32 30 for operating the record making device or pen;mounting Spring 33 pted to clamp the fiexi- 30 Fi 8 is a partial tion onth i V11I .V111, ble cord or cable in its connection to this bracketFig. 1, showing the relation of the marking device This Spring 33 y se te bracket 28 or pen as to the chart-carrying feed roll and the from the60rd and thus permits e y ng of mounting connections therefor; the P ASthe p or y grasp knurled Fig. 9 is section on t hue ag-1 Fig 2, head 34(Fig. 1) of the barrel It to feed the de- 35 of the inhalationconnections from the absorber; sired marked portion of the pe f m thede- Fig 1c is seetien en t line 31-11, Fig 2 vice 29, and as such is fedto clear tear-off bar 35, of the exhalation connections to the absorber;pull of this marked portion of the chart may be Fig. 11 is a section onthe line XI--XI, Fig. 9, made to sever such from the reserve supply and4 showing the passages in the absorber chamber a subsequent chart isthus in position for receivand absorber cap; ing attention.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line XlI-XII, Fig. 11, Variable chamberbellows showing the supporting screen in the absorber v for holding thesoda lime or other particles to on the deck 5 1S hilusmg 35 f p n removecarbon dioxide from the exhalation; reliloval of e 110115111; there IS ep sed bel- 45 13 is detail View on an enlarged m of lows fixed section31 having screws 38 which efthe cord or cable length clamp or take-up inthe feet, through sealing means 3!), connection of cortransmission fromthe movable portion of the rugated tube 40 as a bellows, say ofyieldable or bellows; and resilient material of gas-proof form,providing Fig. 14 is a medial longitudinal section, through annular ribs4! spaced by grooves 32. There is 50 said connection or coupling. thusprovided, from this fixed section 31 to rela- Table legs I may carrytable top 2 having seats tively movable section 43, a variable capacity3 in which may be located cushioned feet 4 from chamber Ml. This section43 is connected by a base having flange 5 resting on the table topscrews 38 and sealing packing 39 to complete the with deck 6 thcreabove(Figs. 1, 5). This flange sealed assembly of this bellows sectionbetween 55 the heads 31, 43. This movable section 43 has tubular arms46, with which may telescope threaded arm sections 46 having lock nutconnections 4? therewith. This leaves arm sections 45, 46 in alignmentfrom hub 48 as a rocking bearing on axle 49. This hub 48 hasanti-friction bearing 50 in its cooperation with the axle 49 to minimizeresistance to operation. This adjustment of the arm 45, 46, is effectivein a nicety for determining the radial position of the bellows andaccordingly the volume for the chamber 44 as to distention with theannular ribs M and the roots of the grooves 42 having rigidity againstexpansion radially. This means that the capacity is varied solely by theslant portions between these ribs and roots of the corrugations.

The housing 36 is provided with stop 5| which may at limit position ofthe movable section 43 abut stem 52 and thereby against the action ofspring 53-3 unseat relief valve 54. This means that the bellows maynormally be an element in a closed circuit against any escape, butshould there be excess pressure beyond the limit for expansion oropening of the bellows, the bellows may not be ruptured but thisposition is effective for a pressure release. In this housing 36 andmounted on the deck 6 is bridge member 55 locaiting hook 66, from whichextends tension spring 5'! to minor arm 58 adjusted by set screw 59 infixed position with the hub 48 for the arms 45, 46. This means there isshort radius arm 58 effective through the spring 51 as a neutralizingfactor against gravity disturbance in the matter of gas capacity in thechamber 44. There is thus provided in this bellows a chamber sensitiveto gas volume therein and accordingly one which is effective againstpressure disturbance.

Bellows evacuation In practice hereunder, there may be a purpose tostart from zero or empty bellows. To such end, handle 60 (Fig. 1) may beoperated to throw arm 6| (Fig. 5) fixed with the handle 60. This arm 6|terminally carries roller 82 which, as the handle 60 is effective, maycontact the movable section 46 and cause such to be thrown to the extentof collapsing the bellows toward the fixed section 67, thus causing anygas therein to pass therefrom by ventilation port 63.

Bellows position indicator The housing 66 (Fig. 1) adjacent the handle60 has fixture 64 locating window 65 in position to expose indicator arm66. This arm 66 (Fig. 5) is mounted by clamp device 61 with an arm 46and thus in the swinging of the movable section 43 discloses suchposition through the window 65.

Barometer Inasmuch as the accuracy of diagnostic work is of importance,a disturbance of such by variation in barometric conditions it is wellto take into account, and in removing the chart and making record fromthe machine herein it is of value to endorse on the chart the barometricconditions prevailing. Accordingly, the housing 36 (Fig. 1, 5) hasmounted therein barometer 68, the position of which may be disclosedthrough window 69, for taking readings thereof.

Bellows connection to the penjor the chart The movable bellows section43 at its arm 45 (Fig. 5) has connection 10 with flexible wire cord 1!,having a tension spring section 12, passing about guide roller 13 toguide roller I4 (Figs. 5, 7,

8), thence about roller 15 to clutch 16 on the bracket 28, thence up toroller 11 and then through guide tube 78. This line II then extendsabout roller I9 to roller 88, and thence by roller 8| back to theconnection 70 with the arm 45. There is thus provided a complete twodirection control for the pen with spring section I2 maintaining such asautomatically without slack or accurate functioning as the movablesection 43 of the bellows may be shifted in the capacity variations.

The connection 10 is at the free end of flexible arm I0 anchored withsleeve adjustable by set screw 16" along the arm section 46. This isaccordingly an adjustment to disclose a varying capacity in shift forthe pointer or needle 29 as the pen or marker.

The mask From the deck 6 (Figs. 1, 3) at fitting 82 there is flexiblearm 83 having clamping connection 84 mounting inhalation duct 85 andexhalation duct 86 in position adjacent Y-fitting 87 carrying mask 88.This fitting 87 has ports 89. Knurled head 90 may operate disk 9| toclose off air flow by these ports 89 and thus allow respiration gas topass by seat 92 through port 93 to and from the mask 88 in normalbreathing operations. However, in the event the operator should desirethe patient to become familiar with the mask before starting thediagnostic process, or otherwise Wish to adjust the apparatus forfunctioning prior to test, the hand wheel 99 may be operated to unseatthe valve Ill and cause valve disk 94 to seat at port 92, thus cuttingoff the ducts 85, 86, and placing the mask 88 in communication throughthe port 93 and the ports 89 with the atmosphere.

The absorber Exhalation by the patient at the mask 88 is by way of theduct 86 to chamber 95 (Fig. 10) to unseat check valve 96 and thence bychambers 91, 98 (Fig. 11). This expiration check valve section comprisesfitting 99 assembled by set screw I00 with cap I0! of the absorber. Thiscap IOI has concentric inner annular seat I02 and concentric outerannular seat I03. Soda lime chamber having outer shell I04 may abutgasket in the seat I03. Inner tubular portion I05 of this soda limedevice or absorber separates soda lime fragments I06 in this annularchamber from duct I07 providing passage from the chamber 98 to chamberI08 below screen or perforate bottom I09 supporting the soda lime I06.

Knurled head III) on stem III has shoulder IIZ (Fig. 2) to abut seat II3 on the cap IN. This stem III extends (Fig. 11) through this cap IMand through the chamber I01 to engage fitting II4 adjacent the chamberI68 as a base of the outer shell I04. This chamber I08 is incommunication with the duct I01 by ports H5 through the fitting I I4.Accordingly, upon unscrewing action at the head H0, this stem III isfreed from the fitting I I4 in soda lime container which may be allowedto settle in freed position as to the cap I 0|. A drawing up of the stemIII thus allows the chamber to be shifted clear of the deck 6 andremoved laterally for replacement with a substitute container fordischarge and replacement as the soda lime may be spent or there beother occasion for recharging.

This exhalation gas, as reaching the chamber I88 and passing up throughthe perforate section I09 into and about the soda lime I06, therefrommay flow by chamber I I6 (Figs. 11, 9) on the way to chamber I 'I.Between the chamber I I8 and chamber II! there may be located indicatoror glass cylinder spacer IIII having lower foraminous wall H9 and upperforaminous wall I20 therebetween to carry particles I2I of an indicatorsensitive, say by color, to disclose presence of car bon dioxide as notremoved by the soda lime; This indicator may be. specially treated sayto show a green or greenish color as the gas may be purified by theabsorber. However, as the soda lime is depleted or exhausted and thecarbon dioxide content builds up, this indicator I2I may depart fromthis green color, say to a brownish cast,thereby warning the operatorthat the charge in the absorber should be replenished or replaced.

Knurled head I22 on stem I23 mounts. fitting li t in assembling thischamber device I IT with the cap Iii! and whether or notwith thisindicator therebetween. This gas as in the chamber I Il may be inhaledby lifting check valve I25 and thus, in chamber I26, pass to duct 85 enroute to the mask.

Window I2! may be positioned by fitting I28 in position to observe thefunctioning of this in halation check valve I25. Window I29 (Fig. 10)may be positioned by fitting I30 to disclose position of exhalationcheck valve 96 as lifted for exhalation flow in the chamber 91.

This absorber in this circuit as described for inhalation andexhalationhas its breathing balance for exhalation taken care of fromthe chamber Iit through connection I3I (Figs. 5, 9) to the port 63. Thusat exhalation the bellows is distended with gas which has had the carbondioxide removed therefrom. At inhalation the bellows responds to returnto the patient the gas from which the carbon dioxide has been removed.

Thermometer As a further check beyond the barometer there is locatedadjacent the port 63 thermometer I32 having window portion I33 (Figs. 1,2, The operator may thus check on what may be the temperature of thegases after the purification. This is an additional factor which may betaken into account on the chart in disclosing the degrees of temperatureof the gas which may be inhaled by the patient.

In the functioning hereunder, a supply cylinder Iii-'I (Fig. 1) ofoxygen may have reducing valve I35 with duct I36 therefrom to valve I31(Fig. 2) from which extends opening I38 (Fig. into the chamber 9'1. Thusinto this closed circuit there may be introduced, independent of flowback through the check valve 96 to the patient, a supply of oxygen todistend the bellows to the desired amount as may be disclosed by thepointer tit. In this charging or replenishing operation for gas tooperate under the diagnosis, the valve 94 (Fig. 3) may be seated at theseat 92 and thus insure against pressure operating to open the checkvalve I25 and therefrom avoid the supply of oxygen through the intake orinhalatio duct 85 to the patient. In the base 6 clear ofthe switch I2 ispocket I39 (Fig. 5) in which may be located bottle I -III having stopperMI. This may provide a convenient source of ink or writing material forcharging the pen 29.

It is desirable to have the chart position start at a vertical timedline of the chart as the motor has started. Accordingly, the knurledhead 34 may bring such line into position at the pen 29. However, thepen need not necessarily mark the chart to this point, for pivotalmounting Hi2 (Fig. 8) permits this pen to be rocked back against stop M3during this shifting and then brought into position against the chartwith the spring 33 operated to release the clutch connection IS withthecable or cord II in positioning the point 29 at the desired height onthe chart as to the cross lines. Release of the spring 33 thenre-connects the pen to this transmission connection of the bellows.

In the operation hereunder, the mask 88 (Fig. 1) may be placed inposition on the patient with the hand wheel 95] operated to have thevalve disk 94 close ofi the inhalation and exhalation ducts 85, 86. Thepatient is thus given an opportunity to become familiar with theposition of the mask and normal breathing with the mask in position. Theoperator may through the handle 6!] swing the bellows section 43 towardthe section 3'! to evacuate the bellows from any gases therein. Thenfrom the supply tank I34 of oxygen, there may be a supply delivered inthe desired quantity through the valve I3'I up to the expansion soughtfor the bellows, short of having the relief valve 54 open. The absorberis, of course, in position as properly charged, and the indicator I2I isof the proper color disclosure. The oxygen supply may be out off atvalve I31, and the handle 90 operated to establish communication for thepatient to effect breathing by way of the absorber to the bellows forexhalation and inhalation from the bellows back to the mask by way ofthe indicator I2 I. In this swinging of the bellows to and fro, theindicator arm 56 discloses to the operator how the bellows isfunctioning in the matter of the depth of breathing which the patientmay have. The thermometer window I33 discloses the temperature for thebreathing operation, and the barometer window 69 shows the atmosphericpressure. feed is effective and the inked pen 29 may thus have itspositions of shift duly recorded on the traveling chart in providing agraph of frequency of respirations and their range, incidental to whichthere is the depletion of oxygen disclosed as such is removed by theabsorber.

The cable or line I I, in a portion thereof which in normal functioningof the bellows would not require passing over a guide wheel, has anadjustable clutch connection for accuracy in length variation. To thisend, the cord II (Fig. 14) may pass into coupling section IM to protrudethrough lateral opening in this cylindrical or cup-shaped end to havethe cord terminate in knot I45. This section I-I i having the cup-shapedend oppositely therefrom carries externally threaded section I45 adaptedto engage in companion section I41, which receives centrally therein theremote portion of the cord II to have such protrude from lateral openingHill and be clamped in such position by the threaded portion I46 incooperation with this section III. It is thus possible to bring thetension of the spring 12 into a degree of uniformity in holding theindicator 66 with this spring I2 at all times serving to keep up theslack at such maintained tension.

What is claimed and it is desired to secure by United States LettersPatent is:

1. Respiration apparatus embodying a closed circuit including a variablecapacity chamber having a pair of sections, one or which is hingemounted, an annularly corrugated tube connecting the sections andproviding a bellows, and a neutralizing spring having connection to themovable section eccentric of the hinge and a fixed connection wherebystressing the spring away from mid-position of the movable section iseffective for rendering the bellows approximately uniformly sensitive togas volume in its range of capacity.

By throwing in the switch I2, the chart 2. Respiration apparatusembodying a closed circuit including an annularly ribbed and groovedbellows section, a fixed and a movable section connected by the bellowssection, a support for the sections, a stop for the movable sectionmounted on the support exterior of the sections and a relief valve forthe bellows carried by the movable section and movable with the movablesection away from the fixed section and toward the stop to be operatedby the stop.

3. Respiration apparatus embodying a chamber for respiratory gasincluding movable means to disclose depletion of said gas volumetherefrom, a housing enclosing the chamber, an absorber exterior of thehousing having ventilation port connection with the chamber in assemblyto provide a closed circuit, and a passage section in said circuitproviding a chamber for a color responsive carbon dioxide indicator.

4. Respiration apparatus embodying a chamber for respiratory gasincluding movable means to disclose depletion of said gas volumetherefrom, a

housing enclosing the chamber, a carbon dioxide absorber, a mask, ductsfrom the mask to the absorber and chamber in providing a closed circuitin one of which ducts the absorber is located, there being a passagesection from the absorber providing a chamber, and indicator particlesin the chamber adapted to respond through color change of the particlesby presence of carbon dioxide in said circuit as flowing therepast.

5. Respiration apparatus embodying an absorber provided with a portedcap forming a support, an absorber chamber having an open top to abutthe cap in providing a pair of endless sealed connections therewith,said chamber having independent passages from said connections in thecap forming from the cap a closed circuit, and a bolt through the capadapted to engage the chamber to pull the chamber up to seatingposition, said bolt being operable to release the chamber for settlingclear of the cap for lateral removal relatively to the cap.

JOHN L. BLOOMHEART.

